Monica Blackmun Visonaã¢ââ¢s the History of Art in Africa

Together with Studium Generale and the University of Amsterdam, the African Studies Centre is organizing a lecture series on African fine art and literature. Renowned authors and art scientists will speak over viii Wed evenings. The Library, Documentation and Information Department of the African Studies Heart has compiled this spider web dossier on African art to coincide with the lectures.

The dossier is based on the ASC Library's collection and contains authoritative works on African art besides as recent publications from the last five years. Each championship links directly to the respective tape in the online catalogue, which provides details about each championship and abstracts of manufactures and edited works. The introduction past Dr. Harrie Leyten is followed by titles on archetype and modern African art and illicit trade in cultural porperty. The dossier concludes with a selection of web resources on African art.

1. Introduction
2. African fine art - authoritative works
3. Classic African art (2010-)
4. Modern and contemporary African art (2010-)
5. Illicit merchandise in cutural belongings
6. Selected web resource

For further information, delight email us at asclibrary@ascleiden.nl or phone: +31 (0)71 5273354

1. Introduction

African fine art: About a name
As modern African art differs then much from the art which predates it, in that location was need for a proper name to distinguish between them. But, what should we call the fine art that existed in Africa prior to mod fine art (and which still exists to a sure degree)? The name used most frequently is:archaic art. Still, the term, coined in the nineteenth century by travellers to Africa, is becoming increasingly unpopular, every bit it is considered discriminating and derogatory. The termtraditional fine art is incorrect, as information technology suggests that 'tradition' is a stable, static concept, and that African societies in the past have not experienced modify or development. Another common name is:tribal art. The wordtribe was introduced to Africa past the colonial authorities in order to facilitate their administrative management of ethnic groups. While information technology may accept served certain administrative purposes, information technology has not been a satisfactory name in terms of distinguishing between peoples who take different languages and cultures, yet are each others' neighbours and interact with each other. Perhaps a more suitable name for this blazon of art is: classic African fine art. The discussion 'classic' refers to a piece of work of art of recognized and established value. Today, classic African fine art is recognized everywhere every bit world art and has a proven value, both aesthetically and as treasured collectors' items.

History
The defoliation about the names is just one of a number of misunderstandings and stereotypes that originated in the nineteenth century and which take persisted deep into the twentieth century: Africans have been described equally uncivilized, exotic, sensual, archaic and wild. (Nederveen Pieterse 1992) Missionaries spoke of African religions as pagan and called their religious objects fetishes. Anthropologists assumed that for Africans all objects were imbued with living souls: the theory of animism. (Leyten 2015)
At the offset of the twentieth century, a number of European artists (amidst them Picasso, Matisse, Derain and De Vlaminck) 'discovered' African masks and statues. They saw them as magical objects, as intermediaries between humans and the mysterious forces of evil, as tools that enabled man to free himself from all that threatened his existence; but, primarily, they saw them every bit objects that inspired them to create new artistic forms (cubism, 'fauvism' (Paudrat 1984)).

In the kickoff decades of the twentieth century, expeditions into the African hinterland were organized, specifically to study and collect art: well known among them are those by Leo Frobenius (Congo and Nigeria) (Kuba a.o. 2010), and Emil Torday (Congo).
From the 1930s onwards, scholars, anthropologists, ethnographers and art historians, began to practise fieldwork in Africa. Melville Herskovits conducted fieldwork among the Fon in Dahomey ( present day Bénin), Marcel Griaule among the Dogon of Mali, and Hans Himmelheber amid Guro and Baule in Republic of cote d'ivoire. Their fieldwork was halted by the Second World War. William Fagg, keeper of the Africa Department of the British Museum, has probably been the greatest stimulus for the appreciation of archetype African art in the western globe. All of them have published nearly their inquiry. Much afterward, after the independence of African countries, beginning in the 1960s, a new generation of European scholars emerged. They concentrated on a specific region, ethnic group or theme, and remained involved with it for many years. British scholars were peculiarly active in Nigeria: John Henry Drewal (Yoruba), John Boston (Igbo), Kevin Carrol (Yoruba Religious etching), Philip Nighttime (Benin), Robin Horton (Kalabari), Keith Nicklin (Oron), C. Thurstan Shaw (archaeology of Igbo-Ukwu), William Bascom (Ifa Divination), and Frank Willet (Ife). Their publications form the starting indicate for every study of Nigerian art and culture. (For an overview see: Susan Vogel (1991)).
Soon afterwards, the study of African fine art was taken up by Africans of dissimilar scholarly disciplines. Among them are: Kyerematen, A.A.Y. (1964),  Ekpo Eyo (1977), Abiodun (1980), Jegede, Dele (1983), Salih Chiliad.Hassan (a.o. 2013), and Lawal (2012).

Books on classic African Fine art
Generally speaking, books on classic African art can be divided into 3 categories:

1. Publications on African art of a general nature, often entitled African Art. They try to give a geographical overview of 'tribes and styles'. This category has been very popular in the past decades. Well known authors are: Elsy Leuzinger, Joseph Cornet, Jacqueline Delange, William Fagg, and Frank Willett. The format of these books makes the contents necessarily superficial. The express number of pages fabricated it impossible to do justice to the cultural wealth of African countries. Only 1 or ii art objects  relating to each 'tribe' or 'fashion' could be published. Thus, it narrowed the cultural heritage of a people down to a few arbitrary items.
2. Publications on themes inside classic African art, such every bit architecture, textiles, symbols of chieftaincy, ornaments, weapons, religious objects, weights (east.g. gold weights) and others. Many of these books have a thorough scholarly value, include high quality photographs, and are of involvement to fellow academics and laypeople with an aesthetic taste.
3. More than recently, publications on African art and cultures appear in monographs. They tend to concentrate on a particular culture or ethnic group, base themselves on fieldwork, and publish a much wider range of objects, both art objects and household objects, in their social, cultural or religious context. They too discuss the artists themselves, which is a new trend, as previously African fine art was considered to exist anonymous. Some examples are: Joseph Cornet on the Kuba,  Francois Neyt on the Luba, Mary Nooter Roberts and Allen Roberts on the Luba, Eberhard Fischer on the Guro, Louis Perrois on the Fang, Susan Vogel on the Baule, Marie-Louise Bastin on the Tsokwe, Daniel Biebuick on the Lega, Jean-Paul Colleyn on the Bamana, Ruth Philips on the Mende, and Rogier Bedaux on the Dogon.

Illicit traffic in cultural property
With the spectacular growth in interest in classic African art, and the increase in sales of this art, an illegal market for precious objects of African fine art adult. Archaeological finds, such as those from the Nok culture (Nigeria) and Djenne (Republic of mali) fetch high prices in the western world. In 1970, UNESCO promulgated the Convention for the protection of cultural heritage. Information technology was designed to stop the illicit trafficking of cultural appurtenances. (ICOM 2000; Leyten 1995; Renfrew 2000, Van Beurden 2001, 2012; Panella 2010) Even so fierce opposition past art dealers and collectors, an increasing number of nations has ratified the convention in contempo years. The render of stolen objects to Africa happens rarely.

Mod and contemporary African art
Modern art in Africa had a slow start. If the colonial powers showed an interest in art and the training of artists at all, they taught talented African youngsters in European art and art history at academic institutions, such as Kampala, Khartoum and Zaria.
Informal grooming was given by some colonial officers or European businessmen, sometimes at home. One of them was Pierre Romain Desfosses, a retired French navy officer who settled in Elisabethville (Lubumbashi) in 1944; another was Pierre Lods who, in 1950, started the Poto-Poto workshop in Brazzaville (Greani 2012). In 1957, Frank McEwen, director of the newly opened National Gallery in Salisbury (Harare) encouraged his personnel to take upward painting, while tobacco farmer Tom Blomefield founded a sculptors' community at Tengenenge (Zimbabwe) (Leyten 1994). After Nigeria's independence in 1960, Ulli Beier organized summer schools at Oshogbo, which produced a good number of successful artists (Probst 2011). Among them are Twins Seven Seven (Glassie 2010), Buraimoh, Olatunde, and Ogundele. Throughout Africa, artists surfaced  without formal or breezy grooming, who were able to develop their own fashion and gain national and international recognition. Among them are Valente Malangatana (Mozambique), Middle Art (Nigeria) and Chéri Samba (Congo, Zaire). (Leyten a.o. 1980; Mountain 1973; Willett 2003; Woets 2011).

Contemporary African fine art
From the 1980s onwards, African art became mainstream in the western world. Increasingly, museums opted for large and well published exhibitions of contemporary African art. The starting time international boost was given by Hubert Martin'south exhibition Les magiciens de la terre in Paris, in 1989, and its accompanying catalogue. This was soon followed by André Magnin's exhibition Africa now in 1991, which was shown in several countries. (Magnin 1991)
André Magnin published his Contemporary Art of Africa in 1996, producing an impressive list of gimmicky African artists. (Magnin 1996) .
A major exhibition curated past an African, Simon Njani, was Afrika Remix, which was shown in several western countries in 2004-2005. (Njani 2004). The Museum Rietberg organized a travelling exhibition of classic fine art from the Ivory Coast in 2014 (Fischer a.o. 2014).

The Nigerian fine art historian and professor of African art, Okwui Enzewor, became the organizer of Documenta xi in 2002, and the Venice Biennale in 2015. (Enzewor 2002).

Dr. Harrie Leyten

2. African art - authoritative works

Ibrahim El-Salahi : a visionary modernist / Salah M. Hassan, Sarah Adams & Ibrahim El Salahi. - London : Tate, 2013

Yoruba / Babatunde Lawal. - Milan : 5 Continents, 2012. - (Visions of Africa)

"What is this?" : framing Ghanaian art from the colonial encounter to the present What is this? : framing Ghanaian art from the colonial encounter to the present / Rhoda Woets. - Amsterdam : Vrije Universiteit, 2011. - (Dissertation series / Kinesthesia of Social Sciences, VU University Amsterdam)

Osogbo and the fine art of heritage / Peter Probst. - Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Press, 2011. - (African expressive cultures)

Nigeria 100 years ago : through the eyes of Leo Frobenius and his expedition squad / Richard Kuba & Musa O. Hambolu / Universität Frankfurt am Principal. Frobenius-Institut;Nigeria. National Commission for Museums and Monuments. - Frankfurt/Master : Frobenius Institute at the Goethe University, 2010

Prince Twins Seven-Seven : his art, his life in Nigeria, his exile in America / Henry Glassie & Seven Seven Twins. - Bloomington, Ind : Indiana Academy Press, 2010

Contemporary African art since 1980 / Okwui Enwezor & Chika Okeke-Agulu. - [Bologna] : Damiani, 2009

Luba / Mary Nooter Roberts & Allen F. Roberts. - Milan [etc.] : 5 Continents [etc.], 2007. - (Visions of Africa)

Afrika Remix :  zeitgeno??ssische Kunst eines Kontinents / Anna Wesek, Simon Njami. - Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2004

Dogon : mythe en werkelijkheid in Mali / R. Bedaux, J. D. Waals & T. A. W. Rossum / Stichting Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden. - Leiden : Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, 2003

African art / Frank Willett. - London : Thames & Hudson, 2002. - (World of art)

A history of art in Africa  / Monica Blackmun Visona??.  New York: Harry N. Abrams, 2001

Baule : African art, Western eyes / Susan Mullin Vogel / Yale University Fine art Gallery, New Haven. - New Haven, Conn : Yale Academy Printing [etc.], 1997

Contemporary fine art of Africa / André Magnin & Jacques Soulillou. - London : Thames and Hudson, 1996

Luba : aux sources du Zaire / François Neyt / Musée Dapper, Paris. - Paris : Musée Dapper, 1993. - (Editions Dapper ; no. xix)

Africa explores : 20th century African art / Susan Vogel, Ima Ebong & Walter Due east. A. Beek / Center for African Fine art, New York. - New York : The Middle for African Art, 1991

Africa now: Jean Pigozzi Collection / André Magnin. - Las Palmas, Groningen: Centro Atla??ntico de Arte Moderno, Groninger Museum, 1991

Wit over zwart : beelden van Afrika en zwarten in de westerse populaire cultuur / Jan Nederveen Pieterse. - Amsterdam : Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen, 1990

Fine art history in Africa : an introduction to method / J. Vansina & C. Vansina. - London [etc.] : Longman, 1984

From Africa / Jean-Louis Paudrat.
In: Primitivism in 20th Century Fine art / ed. past William Rubin. - New York : Museum of Mod Art, 1984

"Made-in-Nigeria" artists : bug and anticipations / Dele Jegede
In: Nigeria Magazine: (1983), no. 144, p. 22-37.

Moderne kunst in Afrika / Harrie Leyten & Paul Faber. - Amsterdam : Tropenmuseum, 1980

The future of African art studies: an African perspective / Rowland Abiodun
In:  African Fine art Studies: the state of the discipline. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1980

The art of Black Africa / Elsy Leuzinger, Isabelle Wettstein & Brigitte Kauf. - London : University Editions, 1979

Art from Zaire : 100 masterworks from the national collection : an exhibition of traditional art from the Found of the National Museums of Zaire (IMNZ) organized by the African-American Found, the American Federation of Arts, and the government of the Republic of Zaire = Fifty'Art du Zaire : 100 chefs-d'oeuvre de la drove nationale [etc.] / Joseph Cornet / Institut des musées nationaux du Zaire;African-American Plant;American Federation of Arts. - [New York] : African-American Establish, 1975

The fine art and peoples of black Africa / J. Delange, C. F. Jopling, H. Jopling Kaiser & Michel Leiris. - New York : E.P. Dutton, 1974

African art : the years since 1920 / Marshall Ward Mount. - Newton Abbot, Devon : David & Charles, 1973

Highlights from 2,000 years of Nigerian art / Ekpo Eyo. - [Lagos : Federal Department of Antiquities], 1973

Kunst van zwart Afrika, in het land aan de Zaire / Joseph Cornet, Willy Kerr & Adr Claerhout. - Brussel : Arcade, 1972

African art / Michel Leiris, Jacqueline Delange, André Malraux, André Parrot & Michael Ross. - London : Thames and Hudson, 1968. - (The Arts of mankind)

Panoply of Ghana / A.A.Y. Kyerematen. -  London: Longmans , Green and Co. Ltd, 1964

Classic African art (2010-)

Fine art and take a chance in ancient Yoruba : Ife history, power, and identity, c. 1300 / Suzanne Preston Blier. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2015

From idol to art : African 'objects-with-power' : a challenge for missionaries anthropologists and museum curators / Harrie Leyten. - Leiden : African Studies Heart, 2015. - (African studies drove, ISSN 1876-0198 ; 59)

African masters : art from the Ivory Coast / Eberhard Fischer, Lorenz Homberger, Monica Blackmun Visonà, Daniela Bognolo & Bernard de Grunne. - Zurich : Scheidegger & Spiess, 2014

Les objets africains, ici et là-bas / Aurélien Lambert. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2014. - (Logiques sociales)

Nok : African sculpture in archaeological context / Peter Breunig / Nigeria. National Commission for Museums and Monuments. - Frankfurt am Chief : Africa Magna Verlag, 2014

Pour un autre regard sur l'fine art beti / Bienvenu Cyrille Bela. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2014. - (Les arts d'ailleurs)

Visions of grace : 100 african masterpieces from the collection of Daniel and Marian Malcolm / Heinrich C. Schweizer. - Milan : 5 Continents Edition, 2014

Yoruba art and language : seeking the African in African art / Rowland Abiodun. - New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2014

À la rencontre des Nalu : arts de la côte de Guinée / Marie Yvonne Curtis. - Paris : l'Harmattan, 2013. - (Drove "Ethnoesthétique")

Exposer l'esclavage : méthodologies et pratiques / Anne Bocandé & Françoise Vergès
In: Africultures, ISSN 1276-2458 ; 91Africultures, ISSN 1276-2458 ; 91

Het Museum voor Kunst en Folklore van Luluaburg / Jan Raymaekers
In: Message des séances / Académie royale des sciences d'outre-mer: (2013), vol. 59, no. 2/4, p. 243-282 : ill.

Le musée La Blackitude : arts et traditions préservées / Agnès Nana Sunjio. - Paris : 50'Harmattan, 2013

The story of Däräsge Maryam : the history, buildings and treasures of a church compound with a painted church in the Semen mountains / Dorothea McEwan. - Zürich : Lit Verlag, 2013

African cosmos : stellar arts / Christine Mullen Kreamer & Randall Bird. - New York : The Monacelli Press, 2012

Arts d'Afrique noire et musées occidentaux / Babacar Mbaye Diop
In: Éthiopiques: (2012), no. 89, p. 277-287.

Carving woods, making history : the Fakeye family, modernity and Yoruba woodcarving / Adérónké Adésolá Adésànyà. - Trenton NJ ; London : Africa Globe Press, 2012

Émergence de l'art d'inspiration chrétienne au Bénin (XVIIe-XXe siècles) : missions chrétiennes et arts locaux / Érick Cakpo. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2012. - (Ethnoesthétique)

Invention and tradition : the art of southeastern Nigeria / Herbert M. Cole & Dierk Dierking. - Munich [etc.] : Prestel, 2012

Kota / Louis Perrois. - Milan : 5 Continents, 2012. - (Visions of Africa)

Yoruba / Babatunde Lawal. - Milan : 5 Continents, 2012. - (Visions of Africa)

Ancêtre, pouvoir, représentation : cultures des peuples du bassin du Congo / Henri Marchal
In: Mondes et cultures: (2011), t. 71, vol. 1, p. 62-seventy : ill. , krt.

Arts d'Afrique : voir l'invisible / Musée d'Aquitaine de la ville de Bordeaux. - Bordeaux [etc.] : Musée d'Aquitaine [etc.], 2011

Arts du Gabon / Louis Perrois. - Genève : Musée Barbier-Mueller, 2011

Des oeuvres d'art Dogon ou Tellem? : regard sur l'exposition "Dogon", quai Branly 2011 / Nadine Martinez. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2011. - (Ethnoesthétique)

Dogon / Hélène Leloup / Musée du quai Branly, Paris. - Paris : Musée du quai Branly [etc.], 2011

Herbarium der Kultur : ethnographische Objekte und Bilder aus den Archiven des Frobenius-Instituts / Holger Jebens & Markus H. Lindner. - Frankfurt am Main : Frobenius-Institut, 2011

Le site de Laongo : intérêt touristique et iconographie féminine / Edwige Zagré Kaboré
In: Revue africaine: (2011), no. five, p. 55-75 : foto'south.

Les Wan, Mona et Koyaka de Côte d'Ivoire : le sacré, le secret / Alain Michel Boyer / Fondation culturelle Musée Barbier-Mueller. - Paris : Editions Hazan [etc.], 2011

Making history : African collectors and the canon of African fine art : the Femi Akinsanya African Art Collection / Sylvester Okwunodu Ogbechie. - Milan : 5 Continents Editions, 2011

Masquerade mosaic : Charles Partridge's collection from Eastern Nigeria 1903-1913 / David Jones. - [Ipswich] : Colchester and Ipswich Museum Service, 2011

Refaire l'histoire : les collectionneurs africains et le catechism de l'art africain : la drove d'fine art africain de Femi Akinsanya / Sylvester Okwunodu Ogbechie. - Milan : 5 Continents Editions, 2011

Tarkh al fattsh = The Timbuktu chronicles, 1493-1599 : English translation of the original works in Standard arabic past Al Hajj Mahmud Kati / Mamd Kut ibn Mutawakkil Kut Timbukt, Christopher Wise & Hala Abu Taleb. - Trenton, N.J : Africa World Press, 2011

The "Venus" of Jebel Uweinat (SE Great socialist people's libyan arab jamahiriya) / Lenka Suková
In: Sahara: (2011), n. 22, p. 117-124 : ill. , krt.

The Predynastic dancing Egyptian figurine / Joan Relke
In: Journal of Religion in Africa: (2011), vol. 41, no. four, p. 396-426 : sick.

Arts, politiques et pouvoirs : les productions artistiques du Dahomey (Bénin): fonctions et devenirs: réflexions / Marlène Michèle Biton. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2010. - (Collection "Ethnoesthétique")

Création et fonctions dans 50'art statuaire lobi / Yamba Bidima
In: Cahiers du CERLESHS: (2010), t. 25, no. 35, p. 259-296 : foto's, krt. , tab.

Exploring frontiers of archeology and cultural resource management : untold stories of the Esie stone figurines / J. O. Aleru & Thousand. Adekola
In: Periodical of Environment and Culture: (2010), vol. seven, no. 2, p. 50-64 : foto'southward, krt.

Les chevaux de la satire = The horses of satire : les kórèdugaw du Mali / Jean Paul Colleyn & Barbara Mellor. - Paris : Gourcuff Gradenigo, 2010

Nigeria 100 years ago : through the optics of Leo Frobenius and his expedition team / Richard Kuba & Musa O. Hambolu / Universität Frankfurt am Main. Frobenius-Institut;Nigeria. National Commission for Museums and Monuments. - Frankfurt/Main : Frobenius Institute at the Goethe University, 2010

Women's ability, 1000 A.D.: figurine art and gender politics in prehistoric southern Africa / Jean Marie Dederen
In: Nordic Periodical of African Studies: (2010), vol.19, no.i, p.23-42 : ill.

Mod and gimmicky fine art (2010-)

Art journals in Kingdom of morocco: new ways of seeing and proverb / Mary Vogl
In: The Journal of Northward African Studies: (2016), vol. 21, no. 2, p. 235-257.

Africa : architecture, civilisation identity / Michael Juul Holm & Mette Marie Kallehauge. - Humlebæk : Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, 2015

Alien interpretations in the biography of a modern artist of African descent / Simon Ottenberg
In: Journal of West African History: (2015), vol.i, no.2, p.45-70.

Games of seduction and games of history : Alioum Moussa's 'Mode Victims' in Niamey, Niger / Amanda Gilvin
In: African Studies Review: (2015), vol.58, no.1, p.55-89 : foto's.

Ici c'est bon : enseignes peintes à la principal en Afrique de l'Ouest / Clément Criseo & Malou Verlomme. - Paris : Gallimard-Alternatives, 2015

Postcolonial modernism : art and decolonization in twentieth-century Nigeria / Chika Okeke-Agulu. - Durham : Duke University Press, 2015.

Quest, chaos, inventiveness: 'Memorandum: a story with paintings' / Jean Rossmann
In: English Academy Review: (2015), vol.32, no.ii, p.38-52 : ill.

Seeing the paradigm of an Eritrean Hero / Yonatan T. Tewelde
In: Periodical of African Cultural Studies: (2015), vol.27, no.2, p.172-180 : ill.

'queer & trans Art-iculations': decolonising gender and sexualities in the global South / Haley McEwen & Tommaso M. Milani. - Durban : Agenda Feminist Media, 2014. - (Agenda, ISSN 2158-978X ; vol. 28, no. 4)

50 ans de cultures noires au Sénégal : (1960-2010) / Moustapha Tamba & Myriam Odile Blin. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2014

Across the 'Later Math' : exploring psychological decolonisation in a post-apartheid context of artistic praxis / Farieda Nazier
In: Critical Arts: (2014), vol.28, no.2, p.199-215 : foto's.

Civilising the Greatcoat : public art exhibitions and Cape visual culture, 1851-1910 / Anna Tietze & Nicholas Botha
In: Periodical of Southern African Studies: (2014), vol.40, no.6, p.1177-1191.

Political, aesthetic, and ethical positions of Tunisian women artists, 2011-thirteen / Lilia Labidi
In: The Periodical of North African Studies : (2014), vol. 19. no. 2, p. 157-171

Postcolonial archival fever and the musical archiving of African identity in selected paintings by Elias Jengo / Imani Sanga
In: Journal of African Cultural Studies: (2014), vol.26, no.two, p.140-154 : ill.

The recreation of modernistic and African art at Achimota Schoolhouse in the Gilded Coast (1927-52) / Rhoda Woets
In: Journal of African History: (2014), vol. 55, no. 3, p. 445-465 : foto's, sick.

Violent modernity : gender, race and bodies in contemporary South African politics / Shireen Hassim
In: Politikon: (2014), vol.41, no.2, p.167-182.

"Bedürfnis zur Beachtung" : Ikonoklasmus, afrikanisches Kulturerbe und Bildökonomie, Frobenius-Vortrag 2012 / Peter Probst
In: Paideuma / Frobenius-Institut: (2013), Bd. 59, S. 31-49 : foto'due south.

A companion to modern African Art / Gitti Salami & Monica Blackmun Visonà. - Chichester : Wiley Blackwell, 2013. - (Blackwell companions to fine art history ; 6)

African art and agency in the workshop / Sidney Littlefield Kasfir & Till Förster. - Bloomington, IN [etc.] : Indiana University Press, 2013. - (African expressive cultures)

African art, interviews, narratives : bodies of cognition at work / Joanna Grabski & Carol L. Magee. - Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Press, 2013. - (African expressive cultures)

Art and trauma in Africa : representations of reconciliation in music, visual arts, literature and picture show / Lizelle Bisschoff & Stefanie van de Peer. - London : I.B. Tauris, 2013. - (International library of cultural studies ; vol. 21)

Imaginary fact : contemporary S African art and the annal : an exhibition presented in the Southward African Pavilion at the 55th La Biennale di Venezia / Brenton Maart & Joanne Bloch. - Grahamstown : National Arts Festival, 2013

Imagining possibilities : feminist cultural production, non-violent identities, and embracing the Other in post-colonial Southward Africa / Nadia Sanger
In: African Identities: (2013), vol. 11, no. i, p. 61-78 : foto's.

Inner-city safaris and wild public fine art / Stacey Vorster
In: Disquisitional Arts: (2013), vol. 27, no. 2, p. 147-162 : photos.

Kumasi realism, 1951-2007 : an African modernism / Atta Kwami. - London : Hurst & Company, 2013

Les arts de la citoyenneté au Sénégal : espaces contestés et civilités urbaines / Mamadou Diouf & Rosalind Fredericks. - Paris : Karthala, 2013. - (Hommes et sociétés)

Namibia, African art and the international market / Piet Van Rooyen
In: Journal / Namibia Scientific Society: (2013), vol. 61, p. 89-103 : foto'south.

Special issue 1 : Revisiting the ethnographic turn in gimmicky art / Kris Rutten, An Van Dienderen & Ronald Soetaert
In: Critical arts, ISSN 0256-0046 ; vol. 27, no. 5Critical arts, ISSN 0256-0046 ; vol. 27, no. v.

Understand visual art : concepts in Republic of uganda / M. Makanga Jacob Zaake. - [Southward.l. southward.n.], 2013

Wangechi Mutu : a fantastic journey / Wangechi Mutu & Trevor Schoonmaker / Nasher Museum of Art at Duke University. - Durham, NC : Nasher Museum of Art, 2013

Watermarks : intervening in the City of Cape Town / Miranda Young-Jahangeer
In: Critical Arts: (2013), vol. 27, no. 2, p. 254-262 : photos.

Artistic suggestions for peaceful transition in northern Uganda : what youth are saying / Lindsay M. McClain
In: African Conflict & Peacebuilding Review: (2012), vol. ii, no. ane, p. 152-163 : ill. , foto's.

Artists of Nigeria / Onyema Offoedu-Okeke. - Milan : v Continents, 2012

Changing strategies in marketing Kenya's tourist art : from ethnic brands to fair trade labels / Dillon Mahoney
In: African Studies Review: (2012), vol. 55, no. ane, p. 161-190 : foto's.

Cinquante ans d'indépendance en Afrique subsaharienne et au Togo / Théodore Nicoué Lodjou Gayibor. - Paris : L'Harmattan, 2012. - (Etudes africaines)

Condition report : symposium on building art institutions in Africa = État des lieux : symposium sur la création d'institutions d'art en Afrique / Koyo Kouoh, Anna Knight, Carole Small Diop & David Clément Leye. - Ostfildern : Hatje Cantz, 2012

Development, modernism and modernity in Africa / Augustine Agwuele. - New York [etc.] : Routledge, 2012. - (Routledge African studies ; 7)

El Anatsui : art and life / Susan Mullin Vogel & El Anatsui. - Munich [etc.] : Prestel, 2012

Environment and object : recent African art / Lisa Aronson & John S. Weber. - Munich [etc.] : Prestel Publishing [etc.], 2012

Ezumeezu : essays on Nigerian art & compages : a festschrift in honour of Demas Nwoko / O. Udechukwu, C. Okeke-Agulu & W. Soyinka. -   Glassboro, NJ: Goldline & Jacobs Pub, 2012

Modern Nigerian fine art: art pricing and the Nigerian economy, 1960 to 2008 / Freeborn Odiboh
In: Inquiry Review / Institute of African Studies: (2012), n. southward. , vol. 27, no. two, p. 59-74.

Soixante ans de création à l'École de peinture de Poto Poto (Congo-Brazzaville) / Nora Greani
In: Cahiers d'études africaines: (2012), vol. 52, cah. 205, p. 259-267.

Szene Afrika : Kunst und Kultur Afrikas südlich der Sahara / Manfred Loimeier. - Frankfurt am Primary : Brandes & Apsel, 2012. - (Literarisches Programm ; 155)

The Rainbow Nation : hedendaagse beeldhouwkunst uit Zuid-Afrika = contemporary South African sculpture / Dick van Broekhuizen & Feico Hoekstra. - Zwolle : WBOOKS, 2012

Über(westward)unden : art in troubled times / Lien Heidenreich-Seleme & Sean O'Toole. - Auckland Park : Jacana Media [etc.], 2012

We face up forward: art from West Africa today / Maria Balshaw,  Natasha Howes,  Alan J. Rice, Christine Eyene,  Koyo Kouoh. - Manchester: Manchester Metropolis Galleries, 2012

"What is this?" : framing Ghanaian fine art from the colonial encounter to the nowadays / Rhoda Woets. - Amsterdam : Vrije Universiteit, 2011. - (Dissertation series / Faculty of Social Sciences, VU University Amsterdam)

Ato Malinda / Nancy Hoffmann, Didier Schau, Njami Simon, Nathalie Mba Bikoro & Ato Malinda / Goethe-Institut, Nairobi, Kenya. - Nairobi : Goethe-Institut Republic of kenya, 2011. - (Contact zones NRB ; 04)

Biennale de Dakar 2010 : "In" et "Off" entre dénonciation et envolée / Hélène Tissières
In: Éthiopiques: (2011), no. 86, p. 215-235 : foto'southward.

Critique de la notion d'art africain : approches historiques, ethno-esthétiques et philosophiques / Babacar Mbaye Diop. - Paris : Connaissances et savoirs, 2011. - (Sciences humaines et sociales . Philosophie)

Debating and framing 'Infinite: currencies in contemporary African art' / Thembinkosi Goniwe
In: African Identities: (2011), vol. nine, no. 2, p. 187-248 : ill.

Don't/panic / Gabi Ngcobo & Nomaduma Masilela. - Auckland Park : Fanele, 2011

Fire walker : William Kentridge, Gerhard Marx / William Kentridge, Gerhard Marx, Oliver Barstow & Bronwyn Law-Viljoen. - [Johannesburg] : Fourthwall Books, 2011

Jane Alexander surveys (from the Greatcoat of Good Hope) / Jane Alexander & Pep Subirós. - New York : Museum for African Art, 2011

Les "Femmes d'Alger", d'Eugène Delacroix (1834) à Djamel Tatah (1996): déconstruction de la représentation picturale de l'Algérie? / Émilie Goudal
In: Maghreb et sciences sociales: (2011), p. 233-241 : foto's.

Osogbo and the art of heritage / Peter Probst. - Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Printing, 2011. - (African expressive cultures)

Pour un monde meilleur / Nayeli Zimmermann & Jenny Baese. - Berlin : AfricAvenir International, 2011

Seeing ourselves: Republic of zimbabwe Pavilion, 54th international art exhibition, La Biennale di Venezia 2011 / Christine Eyene,  Katrina Schwarz. - Milano: Charta, 2011

Tingatinga - kitsch or quality : cycle enamel on board & canvas / Tine Thorup, Hanne Thorup & Cuong Sam. - Copenhagen : thorupART, 2011

Visual century - South African fine art in context 1907-2007 / Gavin Jantjes. - Johannesburg : Wits University Printing, 2011

Visual revision: intersecting art and film in the work of Jean-Marie Teno and Raoul Peck / David Chiliad. One thousand. Riep
In: Journal of African Cinemas: (2011), vol. iii, no. i, p. 81-92.

forty ans d'art et de soleil : Le Soleil 40 ans 1970-2010 / Cheikh Thiam & Jean Pires. - Dakar : Les éditions du Soleil, 2010

African signs / Rob Floor, Gert van Zanten & Paul Faber. - Amsterdam : KIT Publishers, 2010

Contemporary African art history and the scholarship : Nka roundtable Two / Chika Okeke-Agulu & Okwui Enwezor
In: Nka : journal of contemporary African art = ISSN 1075-7163: (2010)

David Adjaye'south Geo-graphics : a map of fine art practices in Africa, past and nowadays / David Adjaye, Emiliano Battista & Michael Breslin. - Brussels : BOZAR Expo, 2010. - (Visionary Africa)

Made in Dakar : actualité de la culture sénégalaise / Fabrice Hervieu-Wane & Stéphane Tourné. - Dakar : La Rochette, 2010

Pitika Ntuli : smell of invisible footprints : the sculpture of Pitika Ntuli / Antoinette Ntuli & Pitika Ntuli / MuseuMAfricA, Johannesburg, Southward Africa. - Pretoria : UNISA Printing, 2010

Prince Twins Seven-Seven : his art, his life in Nigeria, his exile in America / Henry Glassie & Seven Vii Twins. - Bloomington, Ind : Indiana University Press, 2010

Rolling, stitching and sewing jute fibre : The 'Line Walk' Sculpture Project / Eva Obodo
In: Research Review / Institute of African Studies: (2010), n. s. , vol. 26, no. ane, p. 23-36 : foto's.

The address of the other : the body and the senses in gimmicky South African visual art / Leora Farber & Ryan Bishop
In: Critical arts, ISSN 0256-0046 ; vol. 24, no. three.

Visionary Africa. - Brussels : BOZAR Expo, 2010

Vocational pedagogy and the challenges of the Nigerian economy / R. O. R. Kalilu. - Central Milton Keynes : AuthorHouse, 2010

Who knows tomorrow / Udo Kittelmann, Chika Okeke-Agulu & Britta Schmitz. - Köln [etc.] : Walther König, 2010

Illicit trade in cultural property

The return of cultural and historical treasures : the example of the Netherlands / Jos van Beurden. - Amsterdam :  KIT Publishers, 2012

"Patrons' et 'petits patrons': knowledge and hierarchy in illicit networks of trade in archaeological objects in the Baniko region of Mali / Cristiana Panella
In: Review of African Political Economic system: (2010), vol. 37, no. 124, p. 228-237.

Goden, graven en grenzen : over kunstroof uit Afrika, Azie en Latijns-Amerika / Jos van Beurden & Hansje Galesloot. - Amsterdam [etc.] : KIT Publishers, 2001

Illicit traffic in cultural belongings : museums against pillage / Harrie Leyten, Nicoline Gatehouse & Paulette Géraud. - Amsterdam : Purple Tropical Found, 1995

Selected spider web resource

African art on the Internet
Comprehensive guide to Cyberspace resource on African art, prepared by Karen Fung (curator of the African Collection at Stanford Libraries).
http://library.stanford.edu/africa-south-sahara/browse-topic/art

IAM - Intense Art Magazine
IAM is bilingual (English/French) cross-media platform,  defended to women in visual arts, style and design from Africa and its Diaspora, encompassing both an editorial website, a loftier quality print magazine published twice a year and a program of events. IAM explores local artistic African scenes; portrays artists, designers, curators and art professionals from Africa and its Diaspora.
http://www.iam-africa.com/

Lecture by Prof. Barbaro Martinez-Ruiz
New trends in creative practices in Africa and its diaspora:
https://youtu.be/WBQQWVz3C4w

Modernistic African Art: a basic reading listing
Compiled by Janet 50. Stanley, National Museum of African Art Library, Smithsonian Institution Libraries. Last update: Feb 2016
https://www.sil.si.edu/SILPublications/ModernAfricanArt/mod-african-art.htm

Trafficking Culture
Trafficking Culture is an international research consortium that produces evidence-based inquiry into the contemporary global trade in looted cultural objects. The website contains an Encyclopedia which presents introductory materials on the research topic including numerous cases studies of famously looted artefacts, disquisitional analysis of a relevant police,  selection of methodological orientations for conducting enquiry on the topic, and a brief introduction to criminological or social theory. The Publications section includes over 100 academic articles about the illicit trade in cultural objects.
https://traffickingculture.org/

Web dossier African Art
The dossier is based  on the ASC library'southward collection and contains titles of books and manufactures published between 1994-2004.
http://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/african-art

dombroskiwillith.blogspot.com

Source: https://www.ascleiden.nl/content/webdossiers/african-art-2

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